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This week: January 2, 2026 - Happy New Year - No meeting
In his talk, Bob will discuss electronic waste (E-waste), which includes various forms of waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) that have ceased to function properly to their owners. Technological advances are generating a considerable volume of E-waste at an alarming rate as the demand for electronic products is on the rise at the global level. Most of the households in developed and developing countries are rapidly acquiring multiple electronic products and home appliances. Consumers around the world are connecting at a rapid rate to the information and communication technology devices such as computers, smartphones, and tablets. In addition, more people using equipment and gadgets and are now adapting to the smart economy. These products include but are not limited to electric toothbrushes, smartwatches, smart water bottles, smart mugs, electrical and electronic tools, toys, leisure and sports equipment, medical devices, monitoring and control instruments, and automatic dispensers.
E-waste is also one of the emerging and fastest-growing pollution problems in the world, with an estimated over 53 million metric tons produced globally in 2019 and the value of raw materials to be worth of approximately $57 billion. E-waste is mostly exported from Western countries to low-income Asian and African countries. Developing countries face a serious problem in managing E-waste. In majority of these countries, the collected E-waste includes both domestically generated and imported from developed countries.
Electronic waste is recycled to recover raw materials and resalable parts that can be sold to create income. In addition to valuable materials such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, and rare earth elements, E-waste contains many types of hazardous chemicals that are released during the recycling process and are known to be harmful to human health and ecological habitats. Both, domestically generated E-waste, and the imported from developed countries is processed using crude and unsafe recycling practices such as open burning, coal-fired grill heating, and leaching using acid baths to extract high-value elements and materials.
Bob will briefly discuss the scope of the problem, current global E-waste generation, its movement and distribution, recycling practices, exposure scenarios, and major human health and environmental effects, special populations at risk, including risk assessment challenges.
Dr. Sonawane, currently our club’s Membership Director, received his Ph.D. degree in Entomology with specialization in Toxicology from the University of Missouri. He was a NIH postdoctoral Fellow and served as a faculty member in the Departments of Pediatrics at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, the School of Medicine, and at the School of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. Sonawane worked as a Toxicologist with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in Rockville, MD. He served as a toxicologist and manager at the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), Office of Research and Development of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Dr. Sonawane has over 35 plus years research and management experience in toxicology and pharmacology and cancer/non-cancer health risk assessment of environmental pollutants. He is an author and/or co-author of over 120 publications and several book chapters in toxicology and pharmacology, children’s environmental health and risk assessment of environmental chemicals. Dr. Sonawane was involved in providing leadership in coordinating and managing several health risk assessments of chemicals. He is retired from the US EPA in 2016 and started consulting company along with Dr. Bruce Fowler in the areas of toxicology and health risk assessment, environmental chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Since 2017, he is an Adjunct Professor at the Georgetown University in Washington DC.
Ancient Egypt is one of the world’s great civilizations. The ability of ancient Egyptians to adapt to the conditions of the Nile River valley for agriculture played a critical role in the success of ancient Egyptian civilization. The ancient Egyptians were very advanced in the quarrying, surveying and construction techniques that supported the building of monumental pyramids, temples, and obelisks. They developed a system of mathematics, a practical and effective system of medicine, irrigation systems and agricultural production techniques. The Egyptian civilization interacted with several other civilizations along its long journey. These interactions
resulted in rich advancements in several fields.
The presentation will describe the most famous monuments of Egypt and how these monuments describe the diversity and the vision of ancient Egyptians.
Dr. Kadry is an adjunct Professor at the University of Maryland, School of Public Health, College Park, MD. Abdel is a former senior science advisor at the Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure (CCTE) in the Office of Research and Development (ORD) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Dr. Kadry’s experience in toxicology and risk assessment spans over thirty-five years and includes academic research, drug safety and efficacy, food safety and environmental risk assessment. He served for seven years as a senior advisor for Scientific Organizational Development and International Activities at the EPA’s National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA). For Five years he led EPA’s risk assessment development activities as the Director of the EPA’s Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Before joining EPA in 2006, he was Chief of the Technical Analysis and Evaluation Branch, Risk Assessment Division, Office of Public Health Sciences, Food Safety and Inspection Service, at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). In addition, Dr. Kadry spent 12 years on the faculty of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.
Dr Kadry published a large number of peer reviewed journal articles and book chapters. He trained large numbers of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and other professionals in the United States and several countries on the principles and applications of toxicological research and risk assessments. Dr Kadry collaborated with two Egyptian professors and together established an international global graduate course on the application of risk assessment to ensure food safety and security. This course is web based and very popular in both the University of Maryland and Cairo University.
Abdel’s roots are in Egypt where he was born and grew up. He is very interested in Egyptian ancient history, culture, and the effect of ancient Egypt culture on the current Egyptian society. Abdel is very active in community service, offering mediation as a lead mediator in Shared Neutral of the Federal Mediation and
Conciliation Service.
The public health problem of lead in drinking water systems has been appreciated for several thousand years. The Roman engineer Vitruvius (81 BC – 15 BC), who was involved in constructing the water system in ancient Rome was well aware of the dangers of using lead pipes (fistulas) for carrying water from the terra cotta main lines into homes. (A quote which is relevant today on this matter is something to the effect that “We know that lead is bad but on the other hand it is cheap and easy to work with so we will use it anyway.”) Lead may also be leached from lead or copper lines with lead solder acidic (soft) water from chemicals added to inhibit bacteria. The result is increased lead levels water consumed by humans. In more recent times, elevated lead levels have been found in a number of municipal water systems, most notably including Washington, DC (2003-2004) and Flint Michigan (2014-2019).
In other words, the problem of lead in water systems is not new and still with us. Solution range from replacing all lead-containing municipal water systems to using chemicals to reduce lead solubility into water. Major questions include:
What is a “safe level” for lead in drinking water?
For some people, it’s zero.
What are the effects of low dose lead exposure?
Loss of cognitive ability, irritability, kidney effects and
others.
How long does lead stay in the body?
Decades, due to skeletal deposition but this may vary due to processes affecting the skeleton such as pregnancy, osteoporosis etc.
Who is at risk?
All age groups, both genders and genetic inheritance.
Bruce A. Fowler, a Past President of our club, has a B.S. degree in Fisheries (Marine Biology) from the University of Washington in 1968 and a Ph.D. in Pathology from the University of Oregon Medical School in 1972. He began his scientific career at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences prior to becoming Director of the University of Maryland System-wide Program in Toxicology and Professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. He then served as Associate Director for Science in the Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine at CDC / ATSDR. He is currently a private consultant and Adjunct Professor, Emory School of Public Health and Presidents Professor of Biomedical Science at the University of Alaska-Fairbanks.
Dr. Fowler has been honored as a Fellow of the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, a Fulbright Scholar and Swedish Medical Research Council Visiting Professor at the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden and elected as a Fellow of the Academy of Toxicological Sciences (ATS). He has served on the Council of the SOT and the Board of Directors of the ATS. He is currently a member of the Board of Directors of the Fulbright Association and past chair of the Advocacy Committee. Dr. Fowler is the author of over 260 research papers and book chapters; he has authored or edited/co-edited 10 books or monographs on metal toxicology, molecular biomarkers, computational toxicology and mechanisms of chemical–induced cell injury.
