In his talk, Bob will discuss electronic waste (E-waste), which includes various forms of waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) that have ceased to function properly to their owners. Technological advances are generating a considerable volume of E-waste at an alarming rate as the demand for electronic products is on the rise at the global level. Most of the households in developed and developing countries are rapidly acquiring multiple electronic products and home appliances. Consumers around the world are connecting at a rapid rate to the information and communication technology devices such as computers, smartphones, and tablets. In addition, more people using equipment and gadgets and are now adapting to the smart economy. These products include but are not limited to electric toothbrushes, smartwatches, smart water bottles, smart mugs, electrical and electronic tools, toys, leisure and sports equipment, medical devices, monitoring and control instruments, and automatic dispensers.
E-waste is also one of the emerging and fastest-growing pollution problems in the world, with an estimated over 53 million metric tons produced globally in 2019 and the value of raw materials to be worth of approximately $57 billion. E-waste is mostly exported from Western countries to low-income Asian and African countries. Developing countries face a serious problem in managing E-waste. In majority of these countries, the collected E-waste includes both domestically generated and imported from developed countries.
Electronic waste is recycled to recover raw materials and resalable parts that can be sold to create income. In addition to valuable materials such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, and rare earth elements, E-waste contains many types of hazardous chemicals that are released during the recycling process and are known to be harmful to human health and ecological habitats. Both, domestically generated E-waste, and the imported from developed countries is processed using crude and unsafe recycling practices such as open burning, coal-fired grill heating, and leaching using acid baths to extract high-value elements and materials.
Bob will briefly discuss the scope of the problem, current global E-waste generation, its movement and distribution, recycling practices, exposure scenarios, and major human health and environmental effects, special populations at risk, including risk assessment challenges.